Mr. Zhou, who is in his 40s, has been feeling unwell for a period of time. He will be dizzy and easily agitated. He went to the hospital for a checkup and was diagnosed with new-onset high blood pressure. Therefore, he asked the doctor to prescribe him antihypertensive drugs, but the doctor did not prescribe it. , but let him continue to check for routine checks. Mr. Zhou felt a little over-checked, but reluctantly agreed.

As a result, urine protein was found in the urine during the routine examination. He was a little puzzled how high blood pressure was related to urine protein. The doctor told him that if he has high blood pressure and urine protein, it means that the problem is serious, and the patient may have kidney damage. Generally, if the protein in the urine exceeds 150mg, it will be positive. The test sheet is marked with +, and generally the more + , the more serious the problem of urine protein.

Why does high blood pressure cause proteinuria and kidney damage?

First of all, what we want to tell you is that not all patients with high blood pressure will have proteinuria. On the one hand, it is related to the personal situation, and on the other hand, it is related to the condition and course of the disease. When the blood pressure of hypertensive patients continues to rise to an unbearable level, and after a long period of time, the rise in blood pressure will increase the pressure in the body’s kidneys.

The main unit of the kidney, the nephron, is composed of the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule. The renal corpuscle is composed of the glomerulus and the renal capsule, and the glomerulus is simply the capillary ball in the kidney. High blood pressure can lead to atherosclerosis in the renal arteries and fibrosis in the glomeruli. In this way, the filtration membrane of the kidneys will be damaged, the function of the kidneys will be affected, and the proteins that should be recovered in the blood will be leaked. Urinary protein, that is to say, urinary protein is a common complication of hypertension, which is why Mr. Zhou has high blood pressure, and the doctor asked him to do other tests.

What should I do if there is protein in the urine of high blood pressure? Four points to keep in mind

1. The first point is to control blood pressure

Once high blood pressure appears proteinuria, it means that kidney damage has occurred, and blood pressure needs to be strictly controlled. Kidney damage may progress rapidly in the state of high blood pressure, and renal failure may occur in a short period of time. If it is found late, It even enters the stage of uremia, and at this stage, the kidney damage is irreversible and requires dialysis or kidney transplantation.

So, to what extent should blood pressure be controlled? The blood pressure of normal people can generally be controlled at ¹⁴⁰⁄₉₀ mmHg, and the strict requirement is ¹³⁰⁄₈₀ mmHg, and the blood pressure with urine protein should preferably be ¹²⁰⁄₇₅ mmHg, so that it is possible to reverse the kidney. damage or delay development.

At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to controlling high blood pressure, but also to avoid low blood pressure. Too low blood pressure will reduce the amount of blood entering the kidneys, which is also bad for kidney disease.

2, reasonable work and rest, avoid bad habits

Ensure that the daily sleep time should be more than 7 hours to avoid the bad habit of staying up late; quit smoking and drinking, and at the same time reduce salt and sugar, the salt intake per person should be within 5 grams per day.

3. Don’t take medicines and health products of unknown origin

Many medicines and foods are metabolized by the kidneys. Once kidney damage occurs, many people will choose home remedies or kidney supplements to adjust, but in fact, this behavior will increase the burden on the kidneys, which will further damage the kidneys. Also, nephrotoxic substances, such as aristolochic acid, in herbal medicines previously used in some places may be counterproductive if ingested rashly.

4. Rational drug use

Hypertension combined with proteinuria is generally controlled by taking drugs, but it is necessary to choose, not just taking antihypertensive drugs. There are more than ten kinds of antihypertensive drugs commonly used at present, and different antihypertensive drugs have functional preferences. , Some antihypertensive drugs can also reduce urine protein while reducing blood pressure, thereby protecting renal function and avoiding disease progression.

In response to Mr. Zhou’s problem, the doctor prescribed sartan-type antihypertensive drugs for him. According to the research, sartan and prilin-type drugs have a certain “kidney-protecting” effect. According to the severity of the disease, you can choose daily Taking it once or twice a day can also increase the dose appropriately, but at the same time to avoid hypotension, this is the way to rational drug use.

How to prevent kidney damage caused by high blood pressure?

To prevent high blood pressure kidney damage, the first priority is to control blood pressure , and to control blood pressure, you need to know your blood pressure in advance. Frequent self-testing at home is a good habit. Modern people develop high blood pressure earlier, and many If you have a family history, it is best to start paying attention to your blood pressure as a teenager. You can measure it with a home sphygmomanometer after a period of time. If you find that your blood pressure is elevated, you can control it in advance to avoid hypertension complications, including kidney disease. damage.

In addition, for patients with high blood pressure, in addition to self-measurement of blood pressure, they should also go to the hospital regularly for routine blood tests , such as blood and urine, which can help patients detect complications in time. And according to the test results, follow the doctor’s advice, choose the correct antihypertensive drugs, help control or reverse the disease.

In addition, even if you have already started taking the medicine, you should not be careless. You should maintain regular physical examinations , so that the doctor can adjust the medicine according to the change of the condition, avoid the situation of high pressure or low pressure, and keep the kidneys stable.

For ordinary people, the age of 30-40 is a period of great changes in the human body, and various problems emerge in an endless stream when people reach middle age. The annual physical examination is very important.

In addition to high blood pressure, which groups of people are also prone to kidney damage?

Who is at risk for kidney disease?

The top ten high-risk groups of chronic kidney disease include: diabetes patients, hypertension patients, cardiovascular disease patients, proteinuria patients, gout patients, elderly people over 65 years old, long-term medication patients, family history of kidney disease, smokers and metabolic Syndrome patients , because kidney disease is a chronic disease that is difficult to detect, most of the symptoms are unknown at the initial stage, and once the kidney function is damaged, it will be difficult to fully recover to a completely healthy state.

It is recommended that you have regular health checks, the sooner you find it, the easier it is to treat. Because kidney damage is cumulative, it is difficult to fully return to a fully healthy state once kidney function is impaired.

8 Golden Rules for Kidney Protection

Kidney damage, chronic kidney disease is a difficult disease to treat. It needs to be paid attention to. The International Society of Nephrology has proposed 8 golden rules, including monitoring and controlling the three highs, regular exercise, healthy diet, weight control, drinking plenty of water, Not smoking, avoiding inappropriate medications, and having regular kidney function checks , if implemented effectively, can help reduce the risk of developing kidney disease. The most important thing is to pay attention to the changes in your body at any time, especially those at high risk of kidney disease, or if there are signs of kidney disease, you must go to the doctor as soon as possible, and early detection and early treatment can restore your healthy life!