Diet therapy is actually the main treatment method for many chronic diseases. Chronic kidney disease is no exception. A well-controlled diet can delay the dialysis time of chronic kidney patients. However, diet therapy is not just about healthy eating. But people with kidney disease really can’t eat more.

If a kidney friend has high blood pressure and diabetes, what is the difference in diet control? Here, I would like to remind everyone to be careful of several diets that are not friendly to kidney disease, as well as the diets that kidney disease patients at different stages should avoid!

3 Foods That Seem Healthy, But Eat Less

The daily rules for protecting the kidney should be done: three less + three more + four no

Three less refers to: less salt, less oil, less sugar;

Sanduo refers to: more fiber, more fruits and vegetables, and more water;

The four do not refer to: do not smoke, do not hold back urine, do not stay up late, do not mess with medicine.

In addition to the above kidney protection rules, we also remind kidney patients that the following three types of food may seem healthy, but those with chronic kidney disease should eat less:

1. Large fish

Generally, large fish swim a long distance in their life, especially marine fish with migratory habits, such as tuna and swordfish, which accumulate high levels of heavy metals in their bodies. Except for kidney friends, the frequency of consumption should not be too high, and it is not recommended for ordinary people. Eat more.

It is recommended to eat small and medium-sized fish, such as salmon, which are relatively small in size. You can also consider artificially raised fish. Fish can absorb high-quality protein and Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids, which can resist oxidation and inflammation. Mackerel is also a good choice.

2. Chinese herbal medicines of unknown origin

Do not eat Chinese herbal medicines of unknown origin. If the origin of Chinese herbal medicines is unknown, the place where they are grown needs to be considered. There may be the possibility of heavy metal deposition. In addition, if the patient takes western medicine, do not mix it with traditional Chinese medicine. Before taking it, you should ask your doctor or pharmacist to see how long it takes after taking the western medicine so that it will not affect the traditional Chinese medicine.

In addition, the main function of the kidneys is metabolism, which will produce urine to excrete wastes. Both Chinese and Western medicines are metabolized by the liver and kidney. If you don’t drink water often, the amount and frequency of urine will be reduced, and metabolic toxins will stay in the body. Therefore, most people must Drink plenty of water (1500-2000ml of water per day is recommended for ordinary people). For those with chronic kidney disease in the first three stages who do not need to limit water, the body must have enough water for better metabolism.

3. Painkillers

Patients with migraine and joint pain need to take painkillers. One of the side effects of NSAIDs painkillers is that they can cause kidney damage. Before taking them, they should check with their physicians and pharmacists whether they can be used.

Kidney friends with diabetes and high blood pressure should also pay attention to 2 key points

1. Kidney friends with diabetes

If there is only kidney disease, the first priority is to control protein, phosphorus, and potassium in the diet; but if you have kidney disease complicated by diabetes, because high blood sugar will make kidney function decline faster and worsen kidney disease, you must control blood sugar.

The proportion of carbohydrates in each meal is very important: for example: take about 2-3 servings in the morning, and take about 3-4 servings for lunch and dinner, (one carbohydrate = ¹⁄₄ bowl of rice = 1 slice of thin bread = 1/ 2 steamed buns = ¹⁄₂ corn = 55 grams of sweet potatoes = 55 grams of taro, etc.).

2. Chronic kidney patients with hypertension

To keep blood pressure under control, the risk of kidney disease will also be reduced.

However, kidney disease patients with high blood pressure should be very careful about the “Deshu diet” commonly used to control blood pressure, because the Deshu diet contains a lot of fruits and vegetables, and the content of phosphorus and potassium in vegetables and fruits is high, which may have an impact on kidney friends.

If kidney friends want to limit potassium, it is best to blanch the vegetables to remove the soup or choose low-potassium vegetables and fruits to avoid excessive potassium intake. In addition, it is important to take medication regularly, control blood pressure, and maintain good living and eating habits to prevent nephropathy.

The principles of kidney-protecting diet in chronic kidney disease stage 1-5

Chronic kidney disease eating patterns in stages 1-5 are not quite the same.

Phase 1-2, the diet can be normal, control what you need to control, such as diabetes control blood sugar, hypertension control blood pressure, and the daily recommended amount of protein is 1 gram per kilogram of body weight (weight 60 kg is equal to eating 60 grams of protein) ).

Stage 3 chronic kidney disease is divided into A (early stage) and B (late stage). Once it enters the third stage, it is difficult to return to the previous stage. It is recommended to check the kidney function every three months as much as possible, and maintain good living and eating habits. This will significantly delay progress to 3B. Patients in stage 3 should start protein control, with a daily intake of about 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight.

For stage 4 and 5 chronic kidney disease, the protein intake should continue to be lowered to 0.6-0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day. Some meat should be converted into soy products, and some edible activated carbon can be used. The intestinal tract removes metabolic toxins and delays dialysis time.

Some kidney friends are afraid of eating too much protein and blindly avoid them. As a result, the nutrients and calories are insufficient, and the body is forced to burn the protein in the body, resulting in higher metabolites in the blood and a heavier burden on the kidneys. It is necessary to pay attention to reducing the amount of protein and making enough. Calories, not completely do not eat.

For stage 4 and 5 kidney friends, the control of phosphorus and potassium is very important. If phosphorus is to be restricted, soft drinks, cola, and peanuts must be avoided. In water, drain before cooking, and choose low-potassium fruits.

In addition, in order to prevent high blood phosphorus, many dialysis patients will take calcium tablets to combine calcium with phosphorus and reduce the content of phosphorus ions. However, if a large amount of calcium preparations are taken and the blood calcium is too high for a long time, it may cause vascular calcification.

If you eat too many processed foods, the phosphorus in the blood will start to accumulate, and the body will stimulate the secretion of parathyroid hormone, which will prompt the kidneys to excrete excess phosphorus. If the parathyroid hormone is too high, it will also accelerate bone destruction and cause bone calcium loss. Blood phosphorus rises higher, causing renal bone lesions, so the best way is to eat less foods high in phosphorus from the source.

8 kinds of high phosphorus foods kidney friends should eat less

1. Processed products (jerky, sausage, ham, hot pot ingredients, etc.)

2. Yeast (lactic acid drink, yogurt, yogurt, jiansu sugar, yeast powder, etc.)

3. Beer, coffee, soda, tea

4. Whole grains, beans (brown rice, germ rice, whole wheat bread, oats, barley, lotus seeds, oatmeal, wheat flour, red beans, mung beans, edamame, broad beans, etc.)

5. Dried fruits (figs, cashews, pistachios, sesame, peanuts, walnuts, dates, melon seeds, etc.)

6. Animal viscera

7. Egg yolk

8. Chocolate products, cocoa powder

Which high-potassium fruits should kidney friends eat less? It’s healthier to switch to low-potassium fruits

High-potassium fruits are not friendly to kidney friends. We generally calculate the potassium content per 100 grams of fruits. Among them, high-potassium fruits are as follows:

Durian 420mg; Peach 300mg; Banana 320mg; Kiwi 290mg; Longan 260mg; Papaya 220mg; Cherry 220mg; Passion Fruit 200mg

At this time, we can consider choosing low-potassium fruits, such as the following categories:

Pineapple 40mg; orange 55mg; grapefruit 60mg (if you take antihypertensive drugs to avoid); watermelon 100mg; apple 100mg