Renal function degenerates after the age of 40, watch out for 5 signs to stay away from kidney disease, how can diabetics delay the deterioration of renal function
People describe the kidneys: Do the dirtiest and most tiring work, and get the lowest reward.
The kidneys are like the body’s sewage treatment plant, filtering waste, releasing hormones that regulate blood pressure, balancing fluids, regulating electrolytes, excreting excess water, and many other important functions. And once people don’t treat it well, it is easy to be damaged. When people have bad habits such as stress, unbalanced diet, sleep less, drink less water and hold back urine, have three high problems, have diabetes or smoke and drink, it is easy to cause disease.
Kidney function begins to deteriorate after the age of 40, beware of 5 signs
However, even with the disease, the kidneys continue to work for the human body. Until the kidney function drops to less than 15%, obvious symptoms such as nausea, edema, high blood pressure, fatigue and weakness may occur, and even uremia occurs. With chronic kidney disease!
According to statistics, one in ten adults in the world suffers from chronic kidney disease, and related research also shows that by 2040, chronic kidney disease will become the fifth most common cause of shortened life expectancy globally. However, most people still do not know much about this disease, which will seriously affect the activity, life span and quality of life, and even have no feedback on the symptoms that appear. Therefore, some kidney disease patients have already reached the stage of dialysis when they find out that the kidneys are abnormal. .
Therefore, in the face of silent kidneys, we must be alert to 5 signs and remember the five-character formula to stay away from kidney disease:
Bubble: Bubble urine, abnormal urine, bubbles are not easy to subside.
Water: There is edema in the lower extremities. Pressing the edema of the lower extremities with fingers will not recover for a long time.
High: High blood pressure that is difficult to recover.
Poor: There are symptoms of anemia, and the complexion is pale.
Tired: Unexplained tiredness that lasts for a long time.
Kidney function begins to degenerate after the age of 40. The annual rate of degeneration is about 1%. This is something that everyone experiences. If combined with bad habits and diseases, it may accelerate the rate of kidney degeneration, and kidney disease may occur in advance.
To avoid and delay nephropathy, we must keep in mind the five-character formula of soaking, water, high, poor, and tired in self-examination to protect kidney health.
Sugar friends do not want dialysis! 3 ways to delay the deterioration of kidney function
After understanding the signs of kidney disease, let’s look at the population of kidney disease dialysis. Currently, there are about 900,000 patients in China who need regular dialysis treatment. Half of them have nephropathy caused by poor control of diabetes, which leads to the deterioration of kidney function, and progresses to uremia, terminal disease, etc. stage of end-stage renal failure. Therefore, diabetic patients complicated with nephropathy is a very fast-progressing kidney disease.
So, how should diabetics monitor blood sugar? How often should kidney function be checked? What should I do if I don’t want to progress to the dialysis stage?
Diabetes should pay special attention to blood sugar control, because diabetic nephropathy is not obvious, staged, and has strong concealment. There are no obvious symptoms in the initial stage. Even blood and urine tests may not find abnormality, and then trace amounts will appear. Proteinuria, gradually increased proteinuria, and then progressed to abnormal indicators such as blood creatinine and glomerular filtration rate. At this time, kidney disease generally develops into three or more stages, which means that half of the kidney function has been lost, and the kidney disease cannot be reversed. .
In addition to poor long-term blood sugar control, factors that accelerate nephropathy include poor blood pressure control and unreasonable medication habits, such as not taking prescription drugs correctly, taking Chinese herbal medicines of unknown origin, or irregular health food, etc. ; Another part of diabetic patients is prone to potential infection or heart disease due to low immune function, which worsens kidney function.
For diabetic patients, it is generally necessary to check the renal function every 3-6 months. If there is no urine protein in the urine test, it can be considered for more than half a year. 24-hour urine protein quantification needs to be checked.
Diabetics actively control blood sugar, and do not need dialysis even after 30 years of onset
How much does good or bad blood sugar control affect the maintenance of kidney function?
Clinically, people with diabetes in their 70s and 80s are often encountered because of their active cooperation in daily treatment, and there have been no major complications of diabetes for more than 30 years. Every time they go to the hospital to detect the glycosylated hemoglobin, they also reach the standard, and their blood pressure is basically normal. Although people are old, they are still clear in their ears and eyes, and their minds are clear;
But there are also many young diabetic patients who are usually more indulgent in life. They neither quit smoking nor alcohol, and they get bigger when they drink it. In addition, they take medicine irregularly. , He didn’t fight if he felt bad, and as a result, various complications appeared before the person was 40. There was a middle-aged man who was a young man who didn’t pay attention, and developed a double disease of myocardial infarction and stroke, and the examination found that the kidney disease had also progressed to stage 4. , the prognosis is poor, and the possibility of future dialysis is high.
Not only substandard blood sugar control will affect kidney function, including high blood pressure and high blood lipids, which are all related to diabetes, but also increase the risk of nephropathy. In addition, patients with diabetes and obesity who have combined diabetes and obesity, eat a lot of fish and meat, Middle-aged people who do not have the habit of regular physical examinations are all at high risk of developing kidney disease or even dialysis in the future.
How can diabetics control their condition and prevent nephropathy?
Once diagnosed with diabetes, long-term treatment and self-management are necessary. In order to prevent people with diabetes from progressing to dialysis, there are several key points in treatment:
- Control blood sugar well, and glycated hemoglobin must reach the standard as soon as possible
First make adjustments to your life such as diet and exercise, and develop the habit of self-monitoring your blood sugar to keep your blood sugar within the normal range.
The principle of control for people under the age of 45, the focus is on preventing complications, and it is hoped that the glycated hemoglobin can be controlled below 6.5% or 7.0% in 3-6 months.
The principle of diabetes control for elderly people over 65 years old is to avoid hypoglycemia. Blood sugar control is not as strict as that of young people. The glycated hemoglobin is less than 7.5%, and the prescription will be simplified as much as possible.
- Early diagnosis of complications
Since some diabetic patients may have developed diabetic nephropathy without knowing it, in addition to routine treatment, patients are also asked to test the following two indicators: albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) and calculation of glomerular filtration. rate to monitor renal function for early diagnosis and treatment of complications.
- Follow the doctor’s orders to receive medication
Once kidney disease is confirmed, we can stage the kidney disease according to the glomerular filtration rate. Different drugs are selected for different stages of kidney problems:
In order to control high blood pressure below 130/80mmHg, it is possible to use inhibitors such as renin-angiotensin blockers, mainly pril and sartans;
Doctors will give patients with diabetic nephropathy and proteinuria glucose excretion drugs, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, to reduce the occurrence of proteinuria. Research reports show that this drug can delay the time point of entering dialysis for about 10-15 years in patients whose glomerular filtration rate is above 25mL/min/1.73m2, and achieve the effect of protecting the kidneys while controlling blood sugar.
In addition, studies have shown that patients with third-generation aldosterone receptor antagonist drugs and potassium ions below 4.8mEq/L, if the use of third-generation MRA drugs is increased, the risk of end-stage renal disease will be reduced by another 18%.